The moisture content of the formulations ranged from 6. Like cowpea, the seeds are contained in a pod, with each pod containing between ten and thirty seeds. Yam beans are loaded with vitamins and minerals, have high nutritional value, and offer many health benefits. Jicama yam bean, mexicanturnip description jicama, a legume, is grown for the large tuberous roots which can be eaten raw or cooked and are used as a source of starch. Rich is a legumi nous crop found in the volta region of ghana. The flesh of yam bean tastes slightly sweet and it is believed to be able to remove body heat and help control blood pressure. Yam beans are a large food item that have many names. Materials and methods collection of samples, animals and reagents. Pdf physicochemical and organoleptic properties of. The seeds of the african yam bean have brown, black, white, grey or speckled bean shaped appearance 3. A recently found rosus type from a small ecogeographic region in the tropical lowlands of peru has a high tuber dry matter content and this socalled chuintype is consumed.
Harms is a perennial climbing bush, m high, generally grown as an annual. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is a legume that is indigenous to africa and widely eaten. Chipotle black bean and sweet potato chili connoisseurus veg ground cumin, pepper, olive oil, tomato paste, chili powder, vegetable broth and 8 more irish potatoes, yams and sweet potatoes with beans a kitchen in uganda. However, the present study was designed to examine the effect of germination on the quality of african yam bean protein. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is a legume that provides nutritionally rich seeds, tubers and leaves for human consumption. To break the hardness of the coat and reduce the anfs will make african yam beans more acceptable, he explains. Three expeditions were under taken in the region between september 1998 and march 1999 to investigate the extent of cultivation and use of the bean as the basis for research into its develop ment and promotion as a major crop.
Functional properties of some varieties of african yam bean. Cookies were produced from composite flour at ratio 100. Several pachyrhizus species go by this name, but the best known and best developed yambean is pachyrhizus erosus. The bean seeds are normally contained in a pod just like cowpea.
Sorensen author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Jicama or climbing yam bean is a subtropical legume vine that produces crunchy, sweet tubers. The seeds were sorted and divided into 4 equal portions of 1. Thirty 30 african yam bean ayb accessions were tried in four locations in nigeria. The african yam bean is grown in countries of west africa such as cameroon, cote divoire, ghana, nigeria, and togo. Yam bean fao food and agriculture organization of the. Effect of germination on the performance characteristics of. Director, central tuber crops research institute, thiruvananthapuram, kerala, india.
Abstract the microstructure of african yam bean sphenostylis sternocarpa cotyledons, flour, starch and gel prepared from flour were examined using. The energy content of the formulations ranged from 362. From the proximate composition analysis, the ash content showed no significant difference between the processed and unprocessed raw samples. The seeds of cream coloured african yam bean ayb and lime were purchased from oye igboeze and ogige nsukka markets, respectively in enugu state, nigeria. Yam bean, yam bean recipes, yam bean starch benefits. Each plant has two or more tubercles from 15 to 25 cm in length that are succulent, sweet and rich in starch and. Determination of some physical properties of african yam.
Functional properties of some varieties of african yam bean ncbi. Researchers discovered a variation of the yam bean with less water content and high in protein. Cultivation and use of african yam bean sphenostylis. After the toxicity of the seeds of the yam bean to several species of insects had been estabhshed 5, studies were made on the taxonomy of the genus 1 and. It is a highly adaptable crop capable of producing growth even on. Founded in the year 2016, dharani exim is one of the leading companies in market. Evaluation of performance of introduced yam bean pachyrhizus. The proximate analysis, determination of nutritionally valuable minerals and the functional properties of the seed flour of african yam bean. Cladistic and phenetic analyses of morphological, chloroplast dna, and isozyme variation were used to examine relationships among multiple accessions of sphenostylis sten ocarpa, representing wild and cultivated populations from throughout the range of the species.
The african yam bean seeds were sorted, washed, dehulled manually after soaking in water 1. The adg in birds fed the control diet and aqueous heattreated african yam bean meal were similar. Development, nutrient composition and sensory properties. Yam beanjicama is a crunchy root vegetable available in most asian food stores. Functional properties of some varieties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa flouriii. African yam bean uzaaku or ijiriji as it is named among the igbos in enugu state, south eastern nigeria is a leguminous crop and is beanshaped and black, brown, white, grey or speckled in appearance.
Genetic assessment of three colour variants of african yam. Yam bean pachyrhyzus erosus tubers were processed singly and mixed with cassava into different types of gari 100% yam bean gari, 75% yam bean gari, 50% yam bean gari and 25% yam bean gari. Jicama yam bean, mexicanturnip archives aggie horticulture. Effect of germination on the performance characteristics. Origins of the african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa.
The african yam bean seed lectin affects the development. The seeds of the african yam bean have brown, black, white, grey or speckled beanshaped appearance 3. Sep 20, 2007 researchers discovered a variation of the yam bean with less water content and high in protein. Potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. Leveraging over the skills of our qualified team of professionals, we are instrumental in wholesaling, exporting, trading and retailing a wide range of fresh vegetable, fresh fruit, fresh coconut, organic.
Plants profile for sphenostylis stenocarpa african yam bean. The genetic variability, distance and the clustering of the 30 accessions were based on twelve seed size estimates. Acceptability of moinmoin produced from blends of african. Green harvest provides growing information for edible and useful plants in the organic and permaculture garden. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa feedipedia. The yam bean was known earlier in china as ko or fan ko and is botanically known as pachyrhizus erosus. The african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex a. Yams bean taste closer to an apple and are a best source of vitamin c. It is an orphan crop, highly nutritious and culturally resonant, but undervalued by policy makers. This report is the second in a series of three evaluating. Sphenostylis stenocarpa is cultivated for its edible tubers, which look like elongated sweet potatoes, and for its seeds, which are contained in hard and tough. African yam bean has become an important substitute for the more widelyeaten cowpea 2. The plant known internationally as yambean is arguably one of the most interesting of all the worlds new food crops. The quality of african yam bean seed protein has been studied in rats and chicks elegbede, 1998.
Jicama, a legume, is grown for the large tuberous roots which can be eaten raw or cooked and are used as a source of starch the jicama plant is a vine which grows to a length of 20 feet or more. Goiteno, nupe, jacatupe or amazonian yam bean pachyrhizus tuberosus is an annual vine that is characterized by a wrapped and herbaceous stem and a ligneous base. African yam bean plant were treated with sawdust, municipal garbage, swine, compost, poultry and farmyard manures at 2. Yam beans or jicama health benefits, facts, side effects. Boulter, amino acid composition of seed meals of yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa and lima bean phaseolus lunatus, journal of the science of food and agriculture, vol. Yam beans are low in calories but very high in essential nutrients.
The tuber grows as the root source, while the yam bean develops into the pod containing 2030 seeds found above the ground. The dehulled seeds were dried at 602 oc, milled using a laboratory hammer mill model ed5, 84 thomas wiley, england and sieved into fine flour with 1mm mesh sieve. The flesh of yam bean tastes slightly sweet and it is believed to be able to. Rich, harms an indigenous food crop legume in tropical africa, is highly underexploited. Pdf african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa nodulates. Functional properties of african yam bean sphenostylis. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, is the most economically important among the seven species of sphenostylis 9 and it is one of the most important tuberous legumes. The domestication, cultivation, and distribution of the crop are very evident in the tropics of africa 3, 9, 10, 11 where it had been reported to exhibit very high.
Yam bean pachyrrhizus erosus is a native of mexico and central america and is widely cultivated throughout the tropics, in both hemispheres. In morphometric and isozyme analyses, greater variability was detected among wild than among cultivated populations, and no. This could fulfill the need of a more stable crop and food source in subsaharan and west africa. African yam bean uzaaku or ijiriji as it is named among the igbos in enugu state, south eastern nigeria is a leguminous crop and is bean shaped and black, brown, white, grey or speckled in appearance. Resultant seed lots from harvest per location and per replication were evaluated in the study. Since the dawn of history these yamlike tubers have fed tropical americans. The african yam bean seed lectin affects the development of. It could then be said that african yam bean should be soaked with sodium bicarbonate which. The tuber is usually consumed raw for its refreshing taste and high moisture content.
A few farmers who still hold some seed stocks, especially the white with blackeye pattern, plant it at the base of yam mounds in june or. The seeds were screened in the field for agronomic and yield associated characters as well as chemical. We cut it up and fried it until golden and crispy for these unusual burritos, and were so glad we did. The reasons for this are not clear, but may be attributed to toxicity present in. Production relies upon the cultivation of landraces and, to. It is usually cultivated as a secondary crop with yam in ghana and nigeria. They are called cool potato or liang shu, earth melon or tu gua, bean potato or potato bean and duo shu and ge shu or kudzu potato. These seeds were then characterized based on seed colour into black, brown, and light grey. The african yam bean ayb is an underutilized, semicultivated crop that has failed to gain popularity comparable to that of other edible african legumes such as cowpea and pigeon pea. Harms is an underutilized tropical african tuberous legume. Feed conversion ratio was higher in birds fed raw and dehulled african yam bean meals than those that received the. The values obtained in this study were lower than those 8. The panelist did not entirely reject, but neither liked nor disliked the 90%. Yam bean definition is a tropical twining plant pachyrhizus erosus with tuberous roots resembling turnips which are eaten raw as a salad or cooked and edible.
African yam bean is a versatile legume crop, relished for its protein rich tubers, seeds and leaves which are utilized as spinach. Determination of some physical properties of african yam beans. Food chemistry 48 1993 337340 functional properties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa seed flour as affected by processing o. Yams, with their natural sweetness, take well to smoky spice, so we coated the chunks with smoked paprika and powdered chipotle, which blended perfectly with creamy. Akobundu department of food science and technology, federal university of technology, owerri, nigeria received 27 november 1992. Jul 14, 2014 to break the hardness of the coat and reduce the anfs will make african yam beans more acceptable, he explains. African yam bean seeds were ground with a mortar and pestle, and 100mg of the powder produced was further homogenized in 10ml of 0. We had a big, knobbly red yam sitting in our vegetable bowl for quite a while, begging to be used for something really good. Each pod contains between ten and thirty seeds that may be of more than one color. The head office of our business is situated at chennai, tamil nadu.
Provided the yam beans are adapted in rwanda, the crop could enhance sustainability of farming systems. Three varieties of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa were collected from six different locations in edo state, nigeria ekpoma, benin city, auchi, igueben, igbanke and sabongida ora. It has white and lilac flowers, pods from 10 to 20 cm in length and beans with a high protein content 32%. The african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst. Such decrease in carbohydrate with increase in african yam bean flour has been reported in african yam bean and wheat composite flour cakes 6. Rich, harms is an underutilized food legume usually cultivated for its edible seeds and tubers in most subsaharan african countries but not popular in the tropics as other legumes azeke et al 2005. Yam bean is deliciously devoured as raw salad, however there is a whole lot of opportunity to explore and exploit the various methods which can enhance the edibility of yam bean. Aug, 2014 yam beans are loaded with vitamins and minerals, have high nutritional value, and offer many health benefits. Average daily feed intake adfi was not influenced by the processing methods table 4. The roots are light brown in color, and may weigh up to 50 pounds. Flour, juice, soups, tortillas followed by many more varieties can expand your cuisine list. This research was aimed at evaluating the proximate composition, level of antinutrients, and the mineral composition of raw and processed sphenostylis stenocarpa seeds and at examining the effect of processing on the parameters. Very little information is available on the nature and extent of genetic diversity of nigerian accession of african yam bean ayb particularly using molecular markers. It mostly goes by local or indigenous names, including fanko china, sankalu india, sinkamas philippines, dolique tubereux or pais patate french, knollige bohne german.
The plant is a climbing vine with flat, kidneyshaped seeds, and the tubers range in weight from 0. Aug 10, 2015 yam bean jicama is a crunchy root vegetable available in most asian food stores. African yam bean was conducted in a sandy loam soil naturally infested with a rootgall nematode, meloidogyne incognita. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. Both wild and cultivated types now occur in tropical africa as far as zimbabwe, throughout west africa from guinea to southern nigeria, being especially common in the latter and in togo and the ivory coast, and in east africa from northern ethiopia eritrea to mozambique, including tanzania and zanzibar. The functional properties, antinutrients, mineral and proximate composition of the flours were. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex.
Yam bean definition is a tropical twining plant pachyrhizus erosus with tuberous roots resembling turnips which are eaten raw as a salad or cooked and edible pods and seeds which yield rotenone and oils. The jicama plant is a vine which grows to a length of 20 feet or more. The pods are toxic when mature but can be used as a vegetable when young. The yam bean is a legume but unlike its close relatives the soybean and other beans, the yam bean is cultivated for its large, tuberous roots. Oct 25, 2011 potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications.